The Comprehensive Guide to Fishing in Ontario, Canada

Fishing in Ontario: Getting a License

Whether you are a resident or a non-resident, you need a license to fish in Ontario. Understanding and adhering to fishing licenses and regulations is crucial for both legal compliance and conservation efforts. Therefore, if you are a newcomer or just a beginner, here is what you need to know:

Requirements

Anyone aged 18 to 64 requires a valid fishing license to fish in Ontario, and this applies to both residents and non-residents. If you are under 18 or a senior over 65, you don’t need to purchase a fishing license. However, you must carry an ID as proof of age.

Types of Licenses

To fish in Ontario, you need both an Outdoors Card and one of two types of fishing licenses.

• Outdoors Card: A plastic ID card, valid for three years, required to buy fishing licenses. In 2024, the cost of the Outdoor Card is $8.57.
• Sport Fishing License: Allows full catch and possession privileges. The fee for residents in 2024 is $26.57 while for non-residents it is $83.19.
• Conservation Fishing License: Comes with reduced catch and possession limits, promoting conservation. The fee for residents in 2024 is $15.07 while for non-residents it is $52.71.

How to Get a Fishing License in Ontario

Ontario fishing licenses can be purchased online via the Ontario government’s website, at ServiceOntario centers, or at various authorized license issuers like tackle shops and outdoor stores like Cabellas, Canadian Tire, and others.

• Family Fishing Weekend in February
• Mother’s Day Weekend in May
• Father’s Day Weekend in June
• Family Fishing Week in June and July

Fishing Regulations

Whether you’re a seasoned fisherman or a newcomer to the sport, it is important to familiarize yourself with the guidelines to ensure the best fishing experience.

• Catch Limits: These limits vary depending on the type of license (Sport or Conservation) and the species of fish. They are in place to ensure sustainable fish populations.
• Size Limits: Certain fish species have size restrictions to protect juvenile fish.
• Seasons: Fishing seasons vary by species and location to protect fish during spawning periods. To determine when you can fish, first identify your fishing zone from the 20 available zones.
• Gear Restrictions: There are regulations on the types of gear and bait that can be used in different areas to protect fish habitats and ensure fair sport.
• Protected Areas: Some areas may be closed to fishing or have specific rules. Always check if there are any special restrictions in the area where you plan to fish.

According to this screenshot, anglers with a sport fishing license are allowed to catch and possess a maximum of 4 fish, of which only one can be longer than 90 cm. They should also release any fish that are between 70 and 90 cm long. Additionally, if you see a notation like ‘C-2,’ it indicates that only anglers with a conservation license are permitted a catch and possession limit of 2.

Most Popular Fish Species for Anglers

In the bountiful waters of Ontario, anglers can discover a spectacular variety of fish species, each thriving in specific lakes or rivers. Here’s a glimpse into the most popular fish species and where you can find them:

• Walleye – Plentiful in Lake Erie and the Bay of Quinte, walleye also thrive in the Detroit River, offering a thrilling fishing experience for their size and taste.
• Northern Pike – The weedy bays of Lake Nipissing and the sprawling Ottawa River are prime habitats for these aggressive and challenging fighters.
• Smallmouth Bass – Georgian Bay’s rocky shores and Lake Simcoe are hotspots but don’t overlook the French River, renowned for its smallmouth bass fishing.
• Largemouth Bass – The Kawartha Lakes and Lake St. Clair are largemouth bass havens, and the Rideau River is a hidden gem for this species.
• Muskellunge (Muskie) – Lake of the Woods and the St. Lawrence River are famous for trophy muskies. The Niagara River also offers a robust muskie fishing scene.
• Lake Trout – The deep, cold waters of Lake Superior and Lake Huron are ideal for lake trout. The Trent-Severn Waterway also offers good opportunities for catching this species.
• Rainbow Trout – The Niagara River and the Grand River are excellent for rainbow trout, especially during their migration periods.
• Chinook Salmon – Lake Ontario is a hotspot for Chinook salmon, particularly during their spawning run, and the Ganaraska River is a favored spot for river fishing.
• Perch – The shallow waters of Lake Erie are abundant with perch, and the Thames River is also a good choice for catching this species.
• Brook Trout – Northern Ontario’s cold streams, such as those in Algoma Country, are perfect for brook trout, and so is the Nipigon River, known for its excellent brook trout fishing.

Best Ways to Fish in Ontario

Fishing in Ontario offers a variety of methods suited to the diverse water bodies and fish species in the region. Here are some of the best ways to fish in Ontario:

• Spin Fishing: A popular choice for many anglers, spin fishing involves using a spinning rod and reel with various lures or live bait. It’s versatile and can be used in both lakes and rivers for species like bass, pike, and walleye.
• Fly Fishing: Renowned for its skill and artistry, fly fishing is particularly effective in Ontario’s rivers and streams. It’s ideal for catching trout and salmon, especially in flowing waters like the Grand River or the streams of Northern Ontario.
• Ice Fishing: A unique and quintessentially Canadian experience, ice fishing is popular in Ontario during the winter months. Lakes like Simcoe and Nipissing become hubs for catching perch, walleye, and northern pike through the ice.
• Trolling: Common in large lakes like the Great Lakes, trolling involves moving slowly by boat while dragging lures or baited lines. It’s an effective method for catching salmon and trout.
• Baitcasting: Suitable for more experienced anglers, baitcasting uses a baitcaster reel and heavier lures or bait. This method is great for targeting larger fish like muskie or largemouth bass in lakes with heavier cover.
• Shore Fishing: For those without a boat, shore fishing is a great option. Casting from the banks of rivers, lakes, or piers can yield a variety of species. It’s a relaxing way to fish and can be quite productive.
• Jigging: This method involves a jig – a type of lure that creates a jerky, vertical motion. It’s particularly effective for catching species like walleye or crappie in deeper water.
• Float Fishing: Using a float or bobber, this method is excellent for river fishing and targeting species that feed in mid-water or near the surface, like trout.

Planning a Fishing Trip in Ontario: Your Basic Guide

Planning your fishing trip in Ontario is both fun and easy, especially if you’re new to fishing or looking to improve your skills. The key is to think about where and when you want to go, what gear you need, and to understand the fishing rules in the area.

Choosing the Right Location

• Type of Fish: Different species thrive in specific environments. Research the type of fish you want to catch and choose locations known for those species.
• Skill Level: Some areas are more suited to beginners, while others challenge even seasoned anglers. Lakes with boat rentals and guided tours are excellent for starters.
• Accessibility and Amenities: Consider how easy it is to get to your chosen spot. Also, look for locations with nearby facilities like bait shops, boat rentals, and accommodations if needed.
• Seasons: Check for the open and closed seasons, including fish sanctuaries, and fish you can and cannot fish.

Choosing the Right Time

• Season: Fish behavior changes with seasons. Spring and fall are generally the best times for freshwater fishing in Ontario, but some species like pike or bass might be more active in summer.
• Time of Day: Early morning or late afternoon are typically the most productive times for fishing, as fish are more active during these periods.
• Weather and Water Conditions: Fish are sensitive to changes in weather and water conditions. Overcast days can be more productive than sunny ones, and after a rain can be an excellent time as well.

Using the Right Gear

When fishing in Ontario, it’s important to select the right gear, lures, or baits, not just for success in catching fish but also to comply with regulations. The Ontario Recreational Fishing Regulations specify the types of hooks, lines, and lures you can use. These regulations vary across the province, depending on the fishing zone and specific water bodies.

For instance, in some areas, you might be limited to a certain number of hooks on your line or be required to use barbless hooks to facilitate catch and release. The type of lure or bait can also be regulated, especially in areas where there’s a need to protect certain fish populations. For example, in some zones, the use of live bait might be restricted, or artificial lures might be preferred to prevent the spread of invasive species.

Preparing for Different Fishing Conditions

• Gear and Equipment: Ensure you have the right gear for your target species and the fishing method. This includes rods, reels, bait, and tackle. For ice fishing, you’ll need specialized gear like augers and ice shelters.
• Clothing and Safety Equipment: Dress appropriately for the weather and always wear a life jacket if you’re on a boat. Bring along sunscreen, insect repellent, and a first aid kit.
• Fishing License and Regulations: Make sure you have a valid fishing license for Ontario and are familiar with the local fishing regulations, including size limits and catch limits.
• Local Knowledge: Check with local bait shops or fishing forums for up-to-date information on the fishing conditions in your chosen area.

Conclusion